Author: Inès Fendouli (Tunisia)
Co-authors: Racem Choura, Rahma Saidane, Asma Khallouli, Dhouha Gouider, Afef Maalej, Riadh Rannen
Purpose
To evaluate retinal and choroidal microvascular changes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A).
Setting/Venue
Department of Ophthalmology of the Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunisia.
Methods
In a cross-sectional observational study, we included 15 eyes of patients with OSAS (10 eyes of patients with mild-moderate OSAS, 5 eyes of patients with severe OSAS on polysomnography) and 20 controls. All subjects were evaluated with the RTVue-XR Avanti, AngioVue OCT-A (Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA). Spectral domain OCT and OCT-A 6 mm × 6 mm scans of the superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) were analyzed in all eyes. Vessel densities (VDs), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and choroidal thickness were measured in all subjects.
Results
The mean age of the 15 patients (7 males, 8 females) in the OSAS group was 51.7 ± 9.2 years and 45,1 ± 3.75 years in healthy controls group. No significant difference in VDs in the SCP among the two groups (p=0.09). DCP VD was significantly lower in the OSAS group than in the controls group (p<0.001). This difference in DCP VD was significant between mild-moderate and severe OSAS patients (p=0.02). OSAS was associated with a significantly lower choroidal thickness compared to controls (p<0.001). FAZ area in OSAS group was similar compared to the control group. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between the severity of OSAS and VD DCP (r = –0.60, p = 0.022).
Conlusions
Our findings indicate that in severe OSAS patients, vessel density in the deep capillary plexus decreases and the choroid layer becomes thinner. When evaluating a patient with OSAS, it should be kept in mind that there may be eye involvement due to the disease.
Financial Disclosure
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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